����JFIF�����%%��� }!1AQa"q2���#B��R��$3br� %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz������������������������������������������������������������������������� w!1AQaq"2�B���� #3R�br� $4�%�&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz��������������������������������������������������������������������������?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|��O�������h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@��o�E��/�?��ߵE_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ ?�z�����������goڢ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?��=[�Qg�����o����Q@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y�����[����TP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,���|-��v��(���� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�������;~��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@�������?�_�����j������ (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@��o�E��/�?��ߵE_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ ?�z�����������goڢ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?��=[�Qg�����o����Q@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y�����[����TP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,���|-��v��(���� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�������;~��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@�������?�_�����j������ (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@��o�E��/�?��ߵE_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ ?�z�����������goڢ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?��=[�Qg�����o����Q@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y�����[����TP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,��������ο�O�P��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@����(���g���Y������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���V��Y|����Y����UP��@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P����,�����,��u������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j���h�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� �@���o�E��?�?����ο�U_�P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@ _�z�����������g_ڪ�?��(�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (��?�/�=[�Qe�����g����U@��P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������k�w���~���v��������� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (�� (���տ�_�����:��T�~�@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@P@������/���?��j�?�5o�%��?��� g����U@�����&O3�����a�;�^=�wH���D��/��*� �fX�I���,������k?g_���?�5o�%��?��� g����U@�F�����������*������?�o�}��Τ~g��ʀ�#V��Y������~ο�T�j��K/� ������������z��������#;�~���A�;��� w�F�����������*���տ��_�@�o��5����EU������������u�誠��W��[�����������O��?jW���@��տ���@�o��5����EM������������v�訠�#V��Y�������������V��Zv��~����vw�~���c�Q@���,��~���kgo���?�5o�%��/��� o����Q@��o�%�>�ߤ���߳����S������?��o�%�~�ߠ�d�߳����S����g�P��j��K?� _������������[� g�D����[�;�TP7���������'Ѿ���=��;/�P��j��K?� _������������[� g�D����[�;�TP���,��~���kgo���a������۔���B{���ea�`T�+ �n%Ц �����j��K?� _������������[� g�D����[�;�TP���,��~���kgo����?���%�/�~�����#����x��c�~�q�v�t`ȫ��_'h���������'�]�;{s� Pp=N= 5���%�����ڜs�����=���J��A@�����Kp�b��}��X�����4g v+:�Բ�+60�ʩ,� @�����������I �uO�����ToUv��bgUl�cP�T?�#V��Y������������j��K?� _����������!��X��]���������TK�|4��`� ��#��P\y��aa >NgL��j��K?� _������������[� g�D����[�;�TP���,��~���kgo���o�F�����$��ہ�� ��vݞr6��S�q''*02���[� g�D����[�;�TP���,��~���kgo���?�5o�%��/��� o����Q@�F�����������*(��տ���@�o��5����EE������������v�訠��������~1�o���}G�L�������5o�%��/��� o����Q@�F�����������*(��տ���@�o��5����EE5����%�˷���r�v����y�\~���)(?0���=[� i����>��gc��N=����5o�%��/��� o����Q@�F�����������*(��W��Z�l����m#���X�wn_�j`0C6윅����5o�%��/��� o����Q@��տ��y9���gbO�G�5@�n�>���#V��Y������~ο�T��V��Y����9�gc��s�T.�?Z_��[� e�D����Y�:��UP���,������k?g_����_�=_� n�~~�rI������w�,"~ԓ�!72���)( u��#V��Y������~ο�T�j��K/� ��������������K
�����Kr_���}�De>~��Z=��pjX�n[p(�"� �a,Ub�/�×�<����;��<�����K>��o���[�:����V���,��$��ϧ�*�����5O����տ��_�@�o��5����EU5��o�%����?�ꜜm�_�;>Gbs�S�����@��տ��_�@�o��5����EU ��տ��}�~�����v?�������-��o�l��~�ȥ�v����r��B1���@��տ���A�?����ggP��c�S�`@%�*����տ��_�@�o��5����EU������������u�誠7���� O���!c�|0��ёv��4�+�X�Vx�RX3��8����K>��o���[�:���u#�x��#V��Y������~ο�T�j��K/� ������������[� e�D����Y�:��UP���,������k?g_���O��[� g�D����[�:��T��=_� k����~��k����c�;����.8����c��z��Ͽ�/��zc�o����F?Z_��[� e�D����Y�:��UP���,������k?g_���C���,�v����v�o���H������(�z���w�/�����v ��T.G��Ϡ���տ��_�@�o��5����EU������������u�誠��W��[��'����%��o���:�Cڕ�R̀���j���������?�o���[�;������g0q�?��o�%�>o�_��>�gf����~4�������������u�誠�z���7�/��o���������_��[� e�D����Y�:��UP���,������k?g_���C���,�|�����o��;�Ԟ��9�l�z��ؠ3|��O�X�~���;~�q����Z�F�����������*���տ��_�@�o��5����EU!��տ��}�~����-��G��I�T�������������u�誠�#V��Y������~ο�T�j��K/� ����������#�=_� n|���KbB�gtdM��"�ڒA#n�63�6�m�P�����,���/���gS�u����#�9��5o�%��?��� g����U@��o�%�o�_�����u��'�������?��o��� ���3��?go���|m�ڇ���-S�O��x��>���^�����7����x�]_�>�qke>���m��4��7P�Yހ��
0byt3m1n1
0byt3m1n1
Path:
/
hermes
/
bosweb
/
web
/
b2920
/
robertgrove.netfirms.com
/
xhf16
/
cache
/
[
Home
]
File: 7029d2cda9d8fdf6ff256c4867eec248
a:5:{s:8:"template";s:6406:"<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" name="viewport"> <title>{{ keyword }}</title> </head> <style rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;line-height:.68;font-weight:100;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase;font-style:normal}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):after{content:"";display:table;clear:both;padding-top:14px} html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}footer,header,main{display:block}a{background-color:transparent}a:active,a:hover{outline-width:0}*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box}html{box-sizing:border-box;background-attachment:fixed}body{color:#777;scroll-behavior:smooth;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}a{-ms-touch-action:manipulation;touch-action:manipulation}.row:hover .col-hover-focus .col:not(:hover){opacity:.6}.container,.row,body{width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.container{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.container,.row{max-width:1080px}.flex-row{-js-display:flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;width:100%}.header .flex-row{height:100%}.flex-col{max-height:100%}.flex-grow{-ms-flex:1;flex:1;-ms-flex-negative:1;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto!important}.row{width:100%;-js-display:flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}.nav{margin:0;padding:0}.nav{width:100%;position:relative;display:inline-block;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.nav-center{-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center}.nav:hover>li:not(:hover)>a:before{opacity:0}.header-button .is-outline:not(:hover){color:#999}.nav-dark .header-button .is-outline:not(:hover){color:#fff}.scroll-for-more:not(:hover){opacity:.7}.reveal-icon:not(:hover) i{opacity:0}a{color:#334862;text-decoration:none}a:focus{outline:0}a:hover{color:#000}ul{list-style:disc}ul{margin-top:0;padding:0}ul{margin-bottom:1.3em}body{line-height:1.6}.container:after,.row:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}@media (min-width:850px){.show-for-medium{display:none!important}}.full-width{width:100%!important;max-width:100%!important;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important;display:block}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0!important}.fill{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:100%;right:0;bottom:0;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);position:absolute!important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#f1f1f1;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 0 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.6);clip:auto!important;color:#21759b;display:block;font-size:14px;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}.bg-overlay-add:not(:hover) .overlay,.has-hover:not(:hover) .image-overlay-add .overlay{opacity:0}.bg-overlay-add-50:not(:hover) .overlay,.has-hover:not(:hover) .image-overlay-add-50 .overlay{opacity:.5}.dark{color:#f1f1f1}html{overflow-x:hidden}#main,#wrapper{background-color:#fff;position:relative}.header,.header-wrapper{width:100%;z-index:30;position:relative;background-size:cover;background-position:50% 0;transition:background-color .3s,opacity .3s}.header-bg-color{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,.9)}.header-top{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-wrap:no-wrap;flex-wrap:no-wrap}.header-bg-color,.header-bg-image{background-position:50% 0;transition:background .4s}.header-top{background-color:#446084;z-index:11;position:relative;min-height:20px}.header-main{z-index:10;position:relative}.top-divider{margin-bottom:-1px;border-top:1px solid currentColor;opacity:.1}.footer-wrapper{width:100%;position:relative}.footer{padding:30px 0 0}.footer-2{background-color:#777}.footer-2{border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.05)}html{background-color:#5b5b5b}.logo{line-height:1;margin:0}.logo a{text-decoration:none;display:block;color:#446084;font-size:32px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:bolder;margin:0}.logo-left .logo{margin-left:0;margin-right:30px}@media screen and (max-width:849px){.medium-logo-center .logo{-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;text-align:center;margin:0 15px}}/*! * Do not modify this file directly. It is concatenated from individual module CSS files. */@font-face{font-family:Noticons;src:url(https://wordpress.com/i/noticons/Noticons.woff)}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}</style> <body class="woocommerce-no-js lightbox nav-dropdown-has-arrow"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX-ANCHOR 0 }}">{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX 0 }}</a> <div id="wrapper"> <header class="header has-sticky sticky-jump" id="header"> <div class="header-wrapper"> <div class="header-top hide-for-sticky nav-dark" id="top-bar"> <div class="flex-row container"> <div class="flex-col show-for-medium flex-grow"> <ul class="nav nav-center nav-small mobile-nav nav-divided"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-main " id="masthead"> <div class="header-inner flex-row container logo-left medium-logo-center" role="navigation"> <div class="flex-col logo" id="logo"> <a href="{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX-ANCHOR 1 }}" rel="home" title="{{ keyword }}">{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX 1 }}</a> </div> </div> <div class="container"><div class="top-divider full-width"></div></div> </div> <div class="header-bg-container fill"><div class="header-bg-image fill"></div><div class="header-bg-color fill"></div></div> </div> </header> <main class="" id="main"> {{ text }} </main> <footer class="footer-wrapper" id="footer"> <div class="footer-widgets footer footer-2 dark"> <div class="row dark large-columns-4 mb-0"> {{ links }} </div> </div> </footer> </div> </body> </html>";s:4:"text";s:13058:"Michael Mombourquette Explain why gases at high pressure or low temperature are less likely to behave ideally. Gases behave very non-ideally at low temperature and high pressure since slow . See answer (1) Best Answer. According to this theory, gases are made up of tiny particles in random, straight line motion. The gas particles have negligible volume. Under such conditions, the gas is said to behave . While ideal gases are strictly a theoretical conception, real gases can behave ideally under certain conditions. 12 Why high pressure and low temperature make the gases non ideal? Copy. Gases are most ideal at high temperature and low pressure. Click here to get an answer to your question why do gases behave least like ideal gases at low temperature and high pressure? For low temperatures, it causes molecules to move more slowly, leading to more attractions between molecules & more deviations from ideal gas. Gases show least ideal behaviour at 1- high pressure and 2- low temperature. 1) CO2 2) NH3 3) HI 4) H2 5) H2O why would it be H2 Science Equilibrium? Basically, any gas at a low enough pressure and high enough temperature will behave very close to an ideal gas. Answer. The gas particles move randomly in agreement with Newton's Laws of Motion. 1: Nitrogen gas that has been cooled to 77 K has turned to a liquid and must be stored in a vacuum insulated container to prevent it from rapidly vaporizing. The behavior of real gases usually agrees with the predictions of the ideal gas equation to within 5% at normal temperatures and pressures. 11 Why do ideal gases have no volume? At low temperatures or high pressures, real gases deviate significantly from ideal gas behavior. a) PV=gRT/MM b) When gases behave ideally, there are no forces of attraction between particles. Solve any question of Kinetic Theory with:-. 1: Nitrogen gas that has been cooled to 77 K has turned to a liquid and must be stored in a vacuum insulated container to prevent it from rapidly vaporizing. liliannac01 liliannac01 11/06/2020 Study now. Why do real gases behave nonideally at very low temperatures and very high pressures? Gases are most ideal at high temperature and low pressure. The kinetic theory assumes that gas particles occupy a negligible fraction of the total volume of the gas. If you want to get an idea of how well (or poorly) the ideal gas law applies to your particular gas at its pressure and temperature, start out by calculating the "reduced pressure" and "reduced temperature" of the gas. Ideal gas behavior is therefore indicated when this ratio is equal to 1, and any deviation from 1 is an indication of non-ideal behavior. At very low temperature or high pressure, molecules are very close together and slow-moving, so intermolecular interactions are significant. 2 The particles are very far apart and moving fast. (PV=nRT) O low temperature and high pressure gases always behave ideally O low temperature and low pressure O high temperature and low pressure O high temperature and high pressure. Many gases such as air, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, noble gases, and some . 5,004. Let's look at the compressibility for a couple different gases. The real gas that acts most like an ideal gas is helium.This is because helium, unlike most gases, exists as a single atom, which makes the van der Waals dispersion forces as low as possible. See below Real gases are not perfect identical spheres, meaning they come in all different shapes and sizes for example the diatomic molecules, unlike the assumption of them being perfect identical spheres which is an assumption made for ideal gases. The molecules do not exert any attractive forces on each other. This is more likely under low pressure and high temperature. The value of n represents the total number of moles (quantity) of gas. Unfortunately, most gases do not behave ideally. . These criteria are satisfied under conditions of low pressure and high temperature. 12 Why high pressure and low temperature make the gases non ideal? Question: Real Gases 12. Which of the gases most closely resembles an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure? Wiki User. This answer is: Study guides. This equation takes into account the volume occupied by the molecules of the real gas and also the interactions between the molecules of the real gases (the attractive and repulsive forces that arise . A graph of the compressibility factor (Z) vs. pressure shows that gases can exhibit significant deviations from the . Another factor is that helium, like other noble gases, has a completely filled outer electron shell.As a result, it has a low tendency to react with other atoms. In summary, a real gas deviates most from an ideal gas at low temperatures and high pressures. So at low pressure gases behave ideal because there is no forces of attraction at low pressure and high temperature. The gas particles have perfect elastic collisions with no energy loss. Under what conditions then, do gases behave least ideally? If the gases in the can reach a pressure of 90 lbs'in^2, the can will explode. The gases in a hair spray can are at a temperature of 27 C and a pressure of 30 lbs/in^2. In 1873, while searching for a way to link the behavior of liquids and gases, the Dutch physicist Johannes . Systems with either very low pressures or high temperatures enable real gases to be estimated as "ideal." The low pressure of a system allows the gas particles to experience less intermolecular forces with other gas particles. At relatively low pressures, gas molecules have practically no attraction for one another because they are (on average) so far apart, and they behave almost like particles of an ideal gas. At relatively low pressures, gas molecules have practically no attraction for one another because they are (on average) so far apart, and they behave almost like particles of an ideal gas. (10.111) At relatively high pressures, the force attraction is no longer in significant ble . High temperature, low pressure - the molecules in a real gas are far apart and exert little force among themselves. . The gas particles are equally sized and do not have intermolecular forces (attraction or repulsion) with other gas particles. Question: Real Gases 12. 21,962. 2010-11-04 21:36:42. 2. To do so, the gas needs to completely abide by the kinetic-molecular theory. Gases behave very ideally at high temperature and low pressure. In summary, a real gas deviates most from an ideal gas at low temperatures and high pressures. At low temperatures or high pressures, real gases deviate significantly from ideal gas behavior. Answer: The two assumptions in the ideal gas are 1. volume occupied by an individual molecule is very negligible as compared to the volume occupied by the gas as a whole. At low pressure and high temperature, real gases behave approximately as ideal gases. Under some conditions, such as extremely low pressure or extremely high temperature, many gases exhibit the behavior of ideal gases. P is the pressure in atmospheres, V is the volume of the container in liters, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L-atm/mol-K), and T is the temperature in Kelvin. 1 Answer. Fortunately, at the conditions of temperature and pressure that are normally encountered in a laboratory, real gases tend to behave very much like ideal gases. Patterns of problems. The ideal gas equation can be modified into the Van der Waals equation to account for the reasons why real gases do not behave in an ideal manner. From the three fundamental gas laws known as Boyle's law, Charles' law, and Avogadro's law . Real gases deviate from ideal behaviour because their particles (atoms for inert gases or molecules) occupy some finite space and do exert interactive forces among them. 12. For high pressure, the gas particles get to be close to each other and the interactions between them cannot be ignored; while for ideal gas we assume that there is no interaction between those particles. Um And some of these assumptions are that you have essentially no inter molecular forces between the particles and that the gases are in constant rapid random motion. When a gas is put under high pressure, its molecules are forced closer together as the empty space between the particles is . (CC BY-NC; CK-12) We can use a number of different equations to model the behavior of real gases, but one of the simplest is the van der Waals (VdW) equation. It turns out that this is reasonably accurate for real gases under specific circumstances that also depend on the identity of the gas. When the temperature below critical temperature there may be phase transition--gas will become liquid (just like below 212F the steam becomes . where: measured pressure. 00:54. volume of container. Why do some gases behave like an ideal gas? Under low temperatures and high pressures, gases behave less like ideal gases and more like real gases. At higher pressures, however, the force of attraction is also no longer insignificant. Fortunately, at the conditions of temperature and pressure that are normally encountered in a laboratory, real gases tend to behave very much like ideal gases. An ideal gas is one that follows the gas laws at all conditions of temperature and pressure. Originally, the ideal gas law looks like this: PV = nRT. If pressure is high there must be a chance that gas liquify in accordance to get attractive forces. For a gas with ideal behavior, of the gas is the same as of an ideal gas so . At high temperature and pressure, gases occupy even more amount of volume because of which the intermolecular distance increases and application of force on each other because more difficult. The actual pressure exerted by the carbon monoxide gas was found to be 145 atm. Real gases approach ideal behavior at high temperature and low pressure. The VdW equation basically incorporates the effect of gas molecule volume and intermolecular forces into the ideal gas equation. Chemistry 101. Generally gas behaves more like an ideal gas at higher temperature and low pressure, as P. E due to inter-molecular forces become less significant compared with particle kinetic energy. For example, nitrogen (N2) at STP is a close approximation to an ideal gas. Similarly, gases with a high molecular weight experience increased interactions due to their large size and mass. Best Answer. Real gas collisions are not perfectly elastic, meaning Kinetic Energy is lost upon impact, unlike the assumption made for ideal gases which . Deviations from ideal gas law behavior can be described by the van der Waals equation, which includes empirical constants to correct for the actual volume of the gaseous molecules and quantify the reduction in pressure due to intermolecular attractive forces. A real gas is a gas that does not behave according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory. The graphs below represent different gases and show how they behave under high and low pressure. Why do real gases behave nonideally at very low temperatures and very high pressures? 13 Why do gases not show ideal Behaviour at low temperature and high pressure? In this Condition gases occupy a large volume and molecules are far apart so volume of gas molecules are negligible and . Figure 1. Explain why the actual pressure is less than what would be expected. Figure 14.11. 13 Why do gases not show ideal Behaviour at low temperature and high pressure? Helium . Why do the noble gases have such low boiling points? Why do real gases fail to obey ideal gas equation at high pressure and at low temperature? For low temperatures, it causes molecules to move more slowly, leading to more attractions between molecules & more deviations from ideal gas. What is a real gas and ideal gas? Although no gas has these properties, the behaviour of real gases is described quite closely by the ideal gas law at sufficiently high temperatures and low pressures, when relatively large distances between molecules and their high speeds overcome any interaction. Under what conditions then, do gases behave least ideally? Gases behave most ideally at low pressure and high temperatures. At higher pressures, however, the force of attraction is also no longer insignificant. These assumptions pertain to Ideal . For high pressure, the gas particles get to be close to each other and the interactions between them cannot be ignored; while for ideal gas we assume that there is no interaction between those particles. Real gas behaves like ideal gas at high temperature and low pressure. At high. Under what conditions do real gases behave most ideally? The molecules do not exert any attractive forces on each other. At normal conditions such as standard temperature and pressure, most real gases behave qualitatively like an ideal gas. kinetic postulates gas ,the gas molecule has no attraction .at low pressure and high temperature the volume of the gas is very high .so that the kinetic energy is . ";s:7:"keyword";s:43:"why do gases behave ideally at low pressure";s:5:"links";s:1048:"<ul><li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81205037bde0a1642914b338">Northwest Community College Spring Break 2022</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81184997bde0a0cb5b447a30017ae3dffbdd">Kangen Ukon Turmeric Dosage</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81196357bde0aea57f3fdca3d">Luka Miraculous Ladybug Fanart</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81198587bde0a99ee92508">F1 Abu Dhabi 2021 Controversy Explained</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81194847bde0a5cbad338cb">What Is The Purpose Of Standardized Testing Pdf</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81181927bde0a4008eccc2f">Santa Clarita Jobs Part-time</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81193277bde0a0c15fc9aadf0d6f0ed8cfe">Density Of States Harmonic Oscillator</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mobileairstreamrepair.com/xhf16/81206817bde0a1b2b">Los Angeles City College Jobs</a></li> </ul>";s:7:"expired";i:-1;}
© 2017 -
ZeroByte.ID
.